Canada is one of the few countries in the world which established an active program for permanent immigration. Although immigration has been identified as one of the ways to address problems of declining birth rate and aging of the population in Canada, most agree that the central role of immigration has been economic. This section of the report aims to provide some background in regards to Canadian immigration policy and its mechanisms, and especially in relation to health and social care workers. In the first part of this section, the three major Canadian permanent resident classes are discussed, namely – family, refugee and skilled worker class. Following this we discuss in more depth the immigration and integration issues of highly skilled internationally educated health professionals who come to Canada as well as some of the various initiatives undertaken by various provincial and federal stakeholders to address some of the concerns that have been raised with these processes. The second part of this section focuses on the temporary migration, with particular attention to the Live-in Caregiver Program. Finally, future developments in immigration policy are outlined.